Flask是一个用Python编写的轻量级Web应用框架,它可以帮助开发者快速构建Web应用,LDAP(Lightweight Directory Access Protocol,轻量级目录访问协议)是一种用于查询和修改分布式目录信息的标准协议,在实际应用中,我们经常需要将Flask应用与LDAP服务器进行集成,以便实现用户认证、授权等功能。
(图片来源网络,侵删)本文将详细介绍如何使用Flask接入LDAP,包括环境准备、安装依赖、配置Flask应用、编写LDAP查询和操作等步骤。
环境准备
1、安装Python:确保你的计算机上已经安装了Python 3.x版本。
2、安装Flask:使用pip安装Flask,命令如下:
pip install Flask
3、安装FlaskLDAP:FlaskLDAP是一个用于集成Flask应用和LDAP服务器的扩展库,使用pip安装FlaskLDAP,命令如下:
pip install FlaskLDAP
配置Flask应用
1、创建一个新的Flask应用,例如app.py
:
from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect, url_for, flash from flask_ldap import LDAP, UserMixin, login_user, logout_user, current_user, get_all_users, get_current_user from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy import os app = Flask(__name__) app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'your_secret_key' app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///users.db' app.config['LDAP_SERVER'] = 'ldap://your_ldap_server' app.config['LDAP_BIND_DN'] = 'your_bind_dn' app.config['LDAP_BIND_PASSWORD'] = 'your_bind_password' app.config['LDAP_USERS_DN'] = 'ou=users,dc=example,dc=com' app.config['LDAP_USERS_FILTER'] = '(&(objectClass=person)(sAMAccountName={username}))' app.config['LDAP_GROUPS_DN'] = 'ou=groups,dc=example,dc=com' app.config['LDAP_GROUPS_FILTER'] = '(&(objectClass=group)(cn={groupname}))' app.config['LDAP_GROUPS_KEY'] = 'memberUid' app.config['LDAP_PROVIDER_URL'] = 'ldap://your_ldap_server' app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False db = SQLAlchemy(app) ldap = LDAP(app)
2、定义一个用户模型,继承自UserMixin
:
class User(UserMixin, db.Model): id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True) email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True) password = db.Column(db.String(120)) active = db.Column(db.Boolean()) groups = db.relationship('Group', secondary='user_groups') def set_password(self, password): self.password = generate_password_hash(password) def check_password(self, password): return check_password_hash(self.password, password)
3、定义一个组模型,用于存储用户和组之间的关系:
class Group(db.Model): id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True) users = db.relationship('User', secondary='user_groups')
4、定义一个关系表,用于存储用户和组之间的关系:
roles_users = db.Table('roles_users', db.Column('user_id', db.Integer(), db.ForeignKey('user.id')), db.Column('group_id', db.Integer(), db.ForeignKey('group.id'))) user_groups = db.Table('user_groups', db.Column('user_id', db.Integer(), db.ForeignKey('user.id')), db.Column('group_id', db.Integer(), db.ForeignKey('group.id')))
5、创建数据库表:
db.create_all()
编写LDAP查询和操作函数
1、编写一个用于查询用户的函数:
@ldap.user_loader() def load_user(username): user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first() or None if user: return user.__dict__ if user else None return None if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin).__search__(), {'username': username}) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap.search_one(UserMixin.__search__(), (UserMixin.__search__(), {'username': username})) else None.__dict__ if not ldap
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